Поздний токсикоз при беременности: причины, лечение

Гестоз считается достаточно опасным состоянием, которое встречается у девушек в положении. Под данным термином подразумевается поздний токсикоз при беременности, возникающий на втором-третьем триместре. Если привычные токсикозы никак не угрожают ни матери, ни плоду, то от гестозов исходит масса осложнений и опасностей. Встречается подобное состояние примерно у 15% мамочек.

Необходимо заранее подготовить сумку с детскими вещичками

Понятие гестоза

Токсикозы беременных представляют собой патологический комплекс симптомов, возникающий при негативном воздействии вынашивания на женщину. Токсикозные состояния бывают на различных сроках. Ранние токсикозные состояния беспокоят мамочку на 1-12 неделе, а токсикоз на поздних сроках беременности возникает на 26-40-недельном сроке. Нельзя точно назвать длительность данного периода, потому как сроки у каждой пациентки разные в силу индивидуальности организмов.

Токсикозные состояния заметно осложняют вынашивание, провоцируя создание неблагоприятной атмосферы для плодного роста и развития. Временами токсикозы и вовсе представляют опасность для здоровья мамочки либо ее жизни. Появление токсикоза обусловлено в первую очередь беременностью. На фоне развивающегося и растущего эмбриона, преобразований гормонального статуса деятельность организма серьезно изменяется. Специалисты предполагают, что токсические проявления при вынашивании обусловлены привыканием к сосуществованию эмбриона и матери.

Поздний токсикоз беременных свидетельствует о глубочайшем патологическом сбое в функциональности жизненно важных органических систем вроде эндокринной и сердечно-сосудистой, кроветворительной либо выделительной и пр. Иногда пациентке ставится диагноз претоксикоз, обозначающий, что у женщины доклиническая гестозная форма, при которой фактические симптомы отсутствуют, но уже появились изменения в анализах, отмечается нестабильность давления и пр.

Причины

Специалистам пока не удалось точно выяснить, какие факторы имеют первостепенное значение в развитии гестоза, однако, они определили, что у позднего токсикоза при беременности причины могут обуславливаться несколькими факторами.

1. Эндокринный. Согласно данному предположению, механизм развития гестоза обусловлен изменениями гормонального статуса, что негативно отражается на сосудистом тонусе, текучести и кровесвертываемости. Происходит ухудшение кровоснабжения и нарушаются вещественнообменные процессы, расстраивается сердечно-сосудистая регуляция, что возникает на фоне изменения активности эндокринных желез.
2. Генетическая теория предполагает, что гестозы чаще возникают у девушек, чьи матери при вынашивании тоже страдали от подобного токсикоза.
3. Кортиковисцеральная теория предполагает, что основной причиной, почему возникает гестоз, является невротическое расстройство, проявляющееся нарушениями корковых и подкорковых связей, что приводит к изменениям в сердечно-сосудистой деятельности и ухудшению кровоснабжения.
4. Плацентарный фактор. Ученые утверждают, что поздние токсикозы возникают на фоне отсутствия необходимых сосудистых изменений в маточной сети сосудов, питающих плацентарные ткани. В результате происходит образование специфических веществ, нарушающих сердечно-сосудистую деятельность.
5. Иммунологический фактор. Согласно данному предположению, поздний токсикоз сопровождается ненормальной реакцией организма матери на плодные антигены. В результате происходят изменения в проницаемости и тонусе сосудистых каналов, а позднее во внутриорганических тканях и структурах.

Абсолютное большинство специалистов считает, что не бывает лишь одной причины гестозных состояний. Обычно функциональность внутриорганических структур нарушается под влиянием целого комплекса факторов.

Как проявляется поздний токсикоз

Будущим мамам очень полезно дышать свежим воздухом

В соответствии со степенью сложности гестоз может проявляться разнообразной симптоматикой. Клиника подразделяется на типичные и атипичные симптомы. К категории типичных проявлений относят водянку и преэклампсию, нефропатию и эклампсию. Водянка предполагает наличие у пациенток ярко выраженной гиперотечности на конечностях и лице, животе и пр. Фактически водянка считается первой стадией гестоза. Обычно общее самочувствие женщины находится в пределах нормы, но может появиться ощущение быстрой утомляемости, тяжести в конечностях, беспокоит сильное желание выпить чего-нибудь.

Признаки скачков кровяного давления отсутствуют, оно даже может находиться на несколько пониженном уровне. Примерно у 25% таких пациенток впоследствии на фоне водянки развивается нефропатия. Это уже несколько иная форма гестоза, при которой пациенток беспокоит комплекс из нескольких патологических состояний вроде гипертензии, водянки и протеинурии. Гипертония может превышать 200/150 мм рт. ст.

Еще одной степенью типичного гестоза является преэклампсия, включающая симптоматику нефропатического синдрома, мигренозные боли, тяжесть в лобной или затылочной зоне, головокружения и бессонница, пелена и мошки перед глазами, ушной шум и заторможенность, апатичное состояние. Также преэклампсия сопровождается ЖКТ нарушениями вроде тошнотно-рвотных реакций и абдоминальных болей.

Эклампсия считается самой тяжелой формой типичного гестоза. Она представляет собой состояние судорожных приступов на фоне преэклампсии при дополнительном воздействии раздражителей в виде болевого синдрома, яркого света или громких звуков. Приступ начинается с подергиваний мышечных тканей лица, переходящих в тонические судорожные сокращения, вплоть до прекращения дыхания. Затем возникают непроизвольные сокращения конечностей, дыхание останавливается, синеют губы и носогубный треугольник, изо рта начинает выделяться пена. Затем пациентка глубоко вдыхает, после чего дыхательные функции постепенно восстанавливаются и состояние нормализуется.

Фактически каждая из типичных гестозных форм представляет собой степень тяжести позднего токсикоза. Что касается атипичных проявлений гестоза, то они представлены гипертонией с нефропатией и бессудорожной эклампсией.

В чем опасность

Гестоз опасен тем, что может развиваться латентно.

• Появляются скрытая внутренняя отечность, повышается давление, в мочу выделяется белок. Подобная симптоматика не вызывает у мамочки никакого дискомфорта, поэтому и не привлекают ее внимание.
• Только акушер-гинеколог сможет обнаружить патологическую симптоматику, поэтому нужно посещать все плановые осмотры и сдавать все назначаемые анализы.
• Поздний токсикоз провоцирует вещественнообменные нарушения и негативно влияет на плацентарные функции, что ведет к острой гипоксии и дефициту питания крохи.
• Также нарушается обмен солей, в тканях организма начинает скапливаться вода и натрий, повышается проницаемость сосудистых стенок. Все это провоцирует формирование внутренней гиперотечности.
• Из-за нарушения кровообращения развивается кислородная недостаточность плаценты и матки, почек, печении головного мозга.
• Излишнее скопление в организме жидкости провоцирует дистрофические изменения, нарушает функциональность органов и вызывает кровоизлияния.

Поэтому появление необычных симптомов, выраженного недомогания и прочих признаков, указывающих на развитие гестоза, необходимо обязательно проконсультироваться с гинекологом.

Как облегчить состояние беременной

Минеральную воду можно пить в любых количествах

Для нормализации состояния пациентки, страдающей от гестоза, и предотвращения всяческих осложнений пациентке необходимо следовать полупостельному либо постельному режиму, ей нужно полноценно спать и отдыхать, избегать стрессовых ситуаций и раздражителей вроде резких и громких звуков или чересчур яркого света. Если наблюдается излишняя нервозность, то лучше обсудить с доктором возможность приема безопасных седативных препаратов.

Рацион мамочки должен быть строго сбалансирован и откорректирован. Углеводы в рационе надо ограничить, а вот белковой пищи кушать больше. Также мамочка должна употреблять больше богатых витаминами овощей и фруктов, пить морсы и соки, лучше свежевыжатые. Даже если присутствует выраженная отечность, нельзя ограничивать беременную в потреблении напитков.

Если ситуация сложная, то пациентке назначается медикаментозная терапия, помогающая предотвратить плодную гипоксию. Диуретики обычно противопоказаны, потому как они приводят к снижению объема циркулирующей крови, что провоцирует возникновение нарушений в плацентарном круге кровообращения. Медикаменты мочегонного действия назначаются лишь в случае недостаточности миокарда или легочного отека. Дополнительно необходим прием витаминных комплексов

Если пациентке не становится лучше, то ее госпитализируют, чтобы исключить развитие осложнений позднего токсикоза. Главное, не игнорировать рекомендации доктора, не отказываться от стационарного пребывания, иначе может развиться эклампсия, сопровождающаяся серьезными нарушениями головномозговой функциональности, недостаточностью миокарда, глубокими обморочными состояниями, головномозговыми кровоизлияниями и даже остановкой сердца. Чтобы подобного не случилось, необходимо соблюдать профилактические рекомендации.

Осложнения гестоза

Гестозные состояния неизбежно сопровождаются гипертонической симптоматикой и гиперотечностью, выраженными головными болями и преждевременным родоразрешением. Поздние токсикозы крайне отрицательно сказываются на плодном развитии и на состоянии пациенток, особенно имеющих гипертоническую болезнь, почечные патологии, недостаточность миокарда и печени. А при тяжелых гестозных формах развиваются осложнения, проявляющиеся дистрофическими изменениями во внутриорганических структурах. На фоне этого у пациенток могут развиться осложнения вроде:

• Сосудистых тромбозов;
• Гипоксии хронической формы;
• Недостаточности почек;
• На фоне выраженной рвоты может развиться дегидратация;
• Нарушается легочная деятельность;
• Происходит головномозговое кровоизлияние;
• Особенно тяжелыми осложнениями выступают отеки мозга или глубокое коматозное состояние;
• Также гестоз способен спровоцировать преждевременное родоразрешение или внутриутробную гибель.

Для малыша материнский гестоз может обернуться задержкой внутриутробного развития, дефицитом веса или умственной недоразвитостью ребенка. Если гестоз обнаружился до 36-недельного срока, он не вызывает плодных нарушений, то доктор выбирает наблюдательную тактику. Если же у пациентки разовьется эклампсия, то ей проводится экстренное кесарево.

Методы профилактики

Чтобы избежать гестозных проявлений и осложнений, мамочке стоит заранее позаботиться о профилактике данных состояний, еще на стадии планирования зачатия. Нужно заранее пройти комплексное обследование, чтобы выявить скрытые или хронические патологии. Кроме того, пациентка должна отказаться от табакокурения и употребления любых видов спиртного, даже пива. Спать девушка должна не меньше 9 ч/д, а также делать небольшой отдых в середине дня. Также следует пересмотреть физические нагрузки, если есть риск развития гестоза, то лучше от них отказаться совсем.

В доме должен царить психоэмоциональный покой, без скандалов, мелких дрязг и бытовых ссор. Полезно заниматься плаванием или йогой, каждый день гулять перед сном, практиковать дыхательные упражнения. Кушать нужно маленькими порциями, завтрак должен быть неторопливым и начинать его надо еще в постели с дольки лимона. Еда должна быть теплой. Для профилактики гиперотечности рекомендуется пить почечные сборы, шиповниковый отвар, чай из толокнянки или брусничных листьев. О рационе лучше проконсультироваться с диетологом, а на протяжении всего вынашивания необходимо следить за массой тела, дабы не допустить чересчур большого набора веса.

Для профилактики гестоза иногда назначают липоевую кислоту, препараты магния, токоферол или Хофитол, Курантил, улучшающий плацентарное кровообращение. Токсикозные состояния второй половины беременности способны осложнить течение вынашивания у любой пациентки. Но если заранее позаботиться о профилактике, ответственно подойдет к вопросу планирования и своевременно встать на учет, выполняя врачебные предписания, то можно максимально сократить вероятность развития подобного осложнения.

90000 Tablets from toxicosis during pregnancy: names and methods of application 90001 90002 The choice of tablets from toxicosis entirely depends on what kind of symptoms the pregnant woman is concerned about. We compiled a small list of the most popular drugs that are allowed for use during pregnancy (naturally, only after they are prescribed by a doctor). 90003 90004 90005 90006 Cerucal 90007 is a common antiemetic drug, to which doctors treat somewhat ambiguously. After all, on the one hand, it perfectly eliminates attacks of vomiting and nausea.However, there is another side to the medal: the drug is able to increase the tone of smooth muscles, and therefore, can cause detachment of the placenta and even spontaneous abortion. In addition, the reception Cerucal often accompanied by side effects in the form of bradycardia, lowering blood pressure, allergies. 90008 90009 90002 If you can not do without using Cerucal, the drug is usually prescribed in the amount of 10 mg in a single dose. The duration of taking the tablets is determined individually.It should be noted that the second pharmaceutical name of the drug Cerucal (according to the active ingredient) is Metoclopramide. 90003 90004 90005 90006 Hofitol 90007 is one of the safest drugs that are prescribed during pregnancy. The active ingredient is an artichoke plant, the main effect of which is to maintain and facilitate the work of the digestive system and liver. Hofitol has choleretic and diuretic properties, can lower the level of urea in the blood and improve metabolic processes.90008 90009 90002 The drug perfectly helps to cope with heartburn, indigestion, eliminates constipation associated with intestinal atony, and also facilitates morning sickness. Hofitol take 1-2 tablets three times a day for 30-40 minutes before meals. 90003 90004 90005 90006 Holosas (Halosas) 90007 — this is not a pill, but a syrup based on the hips. Nevertheless, it is often prescribed to improve digestion, since the drug is absolutely non-toxic, and has a diuretic, choleretic, anti-inflammatory and mild laxative effect.Holosas take before meals for 1 tsp. 2-3 times a day. A similar action is also noted in Allochol tablets — they are taken 1 pcs. Each. 3-4 times a day after eating. Reception of choleretic preparations allows to lower a load on a liver that leads to reduction of displays of a dyspepsia (a pain in the field of a liver, a constipation, a nausea, etc.). 90008 90005 90006 Essentiale 90007 — a capsule tablet, made on the basis of soybeans. Essentiale reduces the overall load on the liver, increases its filtration function, improves the flow of metabolic processes and the removal of toxic substances from the body.Due to these properties, the manifestation of nausea (especially morning sickness) decreases, digestion processes are improved, stagnation of stool is eliminated. 90008 90009 90002 The drug takes 1-2 capsules three times a day, with food. 90003 90004 90005 90006 Navidoxine 90007 is a little-known drug in our country based on vitamin B6, which is often used in Arab countries to eliminate unpleasant symptoms during pregnancy. Analogues of this drug can be: 90008 90009 90038 90005 Diclektin — a popular tablets in Europe, a combination of doxylamine and pyridoxine; 90008 90005 Pyridoxine — domestic tablets, which are taken in an amount of 40 to 80 mg 3-4 times a day.Duration of admission is determined by the severity of toxicosis. 90008 90043 90002 Of all the side effects, it is possible to highlight allergies and hypersecretion of hydrochloric acid in the stomach. 90003 90004 90005 90006 Mint tablets 90007 are the simplest way to relieve the condition of toxicosis during pregnancy. Such pills are cheap and always available at any pharmacy. In addition, they have a pleasant mint flavor, which explains their action: mint stimulates the receptor mechanism of the oral mucosa and digestive system, which reflexively weakens the attack of nausea and prevents the onset of vomiting.Additionally, mint tablets have antispasmodic, calming and choleretic properties, and also eliminate an unpleasant bitterness in the mouth. 90008 90009 90002 To eliminate the symptoms of toxicosis during pregnancy, it is enough to put 1-2 mint tablets under the tongue and keep them until complete resorption. The average daily dosage is 8 tablets. 90003 90004 90005 90006 Ginger 90007 — is available in the form of tablets or capsules that can significantly alleviate the condition of toxicosis and are a convenient analogue of the ginger root that is habitual for us.Ginger extract in the amount of 100-200 mg replaces 1-2 g of fresh root, which is brewed and drunk as tea. Capsules or tablets take an average of 2 pcs. Immediately after a meal, as ginger, taken on an empty stomach, can trigger the development of heartburn. 90008 90005 90006 Rennie 90007 is a well-known and common pill for heartburn. They contain two active antacid substances — calcium carbonate and magnesium carbonate. Rennie neutralizes the increased acidity of gastric juice, without affecting the digestion processes, and only in small amounts sucked into the systemic circulation.90008 90009 90002 If the toxicosis of pregnancy is accompanied by unpleasant sensations of heartburn, then Rennie take 1-2 tablets an hour after eating, or 1 hour before going to bed. Tablets dissolve in the mouth or slowly chew. 90003 90002 Limit dosage of the drug per day — up to 16 tablets. 90003 90004 90005 90006 Polysorb 90007 is not a tablet, but a powder for the preparation of a suspension. More recently, this drug has come to replace activated carbon tablets — these two drugs are active adsorbents, which remove from the body toxic substances, allergens, endotoxins, decay products.How can these drugs help with toxicosis? Often, nausea is caused by internal intoxication of the body, and Polysorb and activated carbon tablets successfully cope with it. 90008 90009 90002 To eliminate nausea in toxicosis take: 90003 90038 90005 Polysorb in the form of a suspension (1 tablespoon per glass of water) 60 minutes before meals, three times a day; 90008 90005 Activated carbon at the rate of 1 tablet per 10 kg of weight, 3 times a day, washed down with a large amount of water.90008 90043 90004 90005 90006 Spirulina 90007 is a biologically active additive based on algae. Spirulina improves energy and metabolic processes in the body, facilitates the digestion of food, normalizes the intestinal flora. The drug is taken half an hour before a meal, 1 tablet, three times a day (unless the doctor has appointed otherwise). 90008 90009 90002 Do not forget that any pill of toxicosis, even the most innocuous, during pregnancy can be taken only as a last resort, when the symptoms become simply unbearable.In addition, do not engage in self-medication: a pregnant woman is responsible not only for her health, but also for the healthy development of her future baby. 90003 90090 Tablets from toxicosis in the early stages 90091 90002 Early toxicosis usually occurs, ranging from 5 or 6 weeks and up to about 12 (sometimes longer). During this period, the future mother significantly worsens well-being, which is manifested by a number of characteristic features, the leading of which are vomiting and nausea.This condition in most cases is associated with unusual and abrupt changes in the hormonal state of a woman, because the level of certain hormones can increase tens of times daily. 90003 90002 However, the early period of pregnancy is also characterized by the fact that the growing fetus is still too susceptible to all kinds of toxic substances, since the placental barrier around it is not yet formed. Most of the pills taken at an early date can adversely affect the growth and development of the baby’s future, so you can not take them alone.To facilitate early toxicosis, you should consult a doctor who is pregnant. 90003 90002 Tablets from nausea in toxicosis are prescribed only in extreme cases, when no other methods, including folk, do not help. Usually this happens at the second and third degree of toxicosis, when the bouts of nausea develop into vomiting, the woman loses her appetite, her body is dehydrated, and weight loss occurs. This condition is a threat, both for the pregnant woman herself and for the future baby. Therefore, in this situation, the taking of tablets from toxicosis is fully justified.90003 90002 90099 [5], [6], [7], [8] 90003 .90000 Toxicosis during pregnancy — causes, risks, solutions of the problem 90001 90002 90003 Many pregnant women perceive morning sickness as inevitable fact: this is the body’s response to serious processes occurring in it during the first weeks and months of pregnancy. The only thing that they can do in a situation like this is to wait patiently for it to end.Well, this widespread belief is not entirely correct, since toxicosis requires essential attention of a doctor. 90004 90003 The first trimester of pregnancy is the most important one; during this period, all the internal systems and organs begin their formation in the baby. Therefore, if the Mother of a child experiences any health problems it can negatively affect such an important «formation term». In addition, more serious problems may hide behind toxicosis, nausea and vomiting — some obvious, while others hidden, detected only with the help of laboratory tests.This can be, for example, various skin lesions, convulsions and in the most severe cases — jaundice of pregnancy, bronchial asthma, disorders of water-salt balance, metabolism, etc. 90004 90003 Therefore, a thorough medical assessment of the health state of the woman, suffering from toxicosis in the first trimester of pregnancy, is obligatory. This is the most important rule, the one that can not be neglected in any way. 90004 90003 What are the reasons for toxicosis in the first trimester? 90004 90003 There is no sole, scientifically proven hypothesis on the causes of toxicosis.Some people believe that early toxicosis is a reaction of the immune system. Some people believe that this condition can be caused by hormones, namely -by the high hormone HCG concentration in the blood. At the same time, all the causes of toxicosis in the early stages of pregnancy are due to naturally determined causes. Why, then, some women have toxicosis, while others do not? It can be explained by the general state of health: in the presence of bad habits, chronic diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, liver, thyroid gland and after artificial abortions, the occurrence of toxicosis is more likely.90004 90003 How to deal with toxicosis? 90004 90003 In case of toxicosis, the doctor, observing your pregnancy, will give a referral to a urine analysis, the result of which will determine the severity of toxicosis and dehydration, biochemical and general blood examinations. Depending on the test results and the degree of toxicity (mild — no more than vomiting 5 times a day, severe — 10-20 times a day), the doctor will recommend a hospital stay or following special rules at home. 90004 90003 How can help an inpatient treatment? 90004 90003 Hospital stay may be necessary, since frequent vomiting can cause dehydration, metabolism disorder, decrease in blood pressure and urine output, increase in pulse rate and constipation.Without timely treatment, serious disorders of water-salt, protein, carbohydrate and fat metabolism, acid-base and vitamin balance, functions of the endocrine glands can develop. All this conditions can negatively affect the development of the baby. 90004 90003 What treatment is recommended in case of mild toxicosis 90004 90003 A mild form of toxicosis (vomiting not more than 5 times a day) can be taken under control using simple instructions: 90004 90003 1. Diet is a very important factor.Avoid too hot or too cold food — it provokes an attack of vomiting. Eat often — at least 5-6 times a day, but in small portions. Trust your intuition — if you feel that pickles or exotic fruits are what you need, allow yourself that. However, remember that your diet plan during this period should be well balanced and contain enough proteins, fats and carbohydrates. 90004 90003 2. Follow the drinking regime. Many women suffering from toxicosis enjoy drinking mint tea during this period — it not only quenches their thirst, but also calms them down.90004 90003 3. Breakfast — in bed. If vomiting usually occurs in the morning, have breakfast in bed without getting up. Tea with lemon and a few crackers may help to avoid nausea. 90004 90003 4. Avoid exhaustion — both physical and nervous. Sometimes fatigue can provoke nausea — it happens more often in the afternoon. Soothing tea will help to relieve nervous tension. Upon your doctor’s agreement, you can also use motherwort or valerian. 90004 90003 Early toxicosis usually disappears completely after the 12th week of pregnancy, less often it can last until the 16th week.Be patient and be extremely attentive to the nuances of your well-being — this is very important not only for your health, but also for the health of your baby. 90004 .90000 When does the toxicosis end during pregnancy? 90001 90002 Pregnancy is a very joyful newspractically for every woman. Nevertheless, with her offensive with many of them, strange things begin to happen. Pregnant young women begin to look with disgust at those products that used to be very fond of. They can be irritated by any smell, even quite pleasant, and being in a stuffy room can lead to fainting. A similar incident is called toxicosis during pregnancy. When it ends and why this state begins, not every future mother knows.Let’s understand. 90003 90004 Toxicosis — what is it? 90005 90002 If you are constantly sick in the morning and not only, you feel a general weakness and inadequately react to the usual smells, then, most likely, you are pregnant. Of course, to confirm this condition it is worth to visit a doctor or buy a special test, but these signs are quite true. The main signs of toxicosis are: 90003 90008 90009 drowsiness; 90010 90009 nausea and vomiting; 90010 90009 increased salivation; 90010 90009 increased irritability; 90010 90009 depressed state; 90010 90009 persistent weight loss; 90010 90009 sharpened sense of smell.90010 90023 90002 Also, sometimes itchy skin and various dermatoses can manifest. The most severe forms lead to osteomalacia, bronchial asthma of pregnant women, tetany and acute yellow hepatic atrophy. 90003 90002 Almost every woman experiencing thisstate, is very interested in the question of whether toxicosis can end on its own or it needs to be treated. Before discussing the methods of treatment and treatment, it is worthwhile to dwell in more detail on the causes and timing of toxicosis.90003 90004 When there is such state of health 90005 90002 Many women, planning a pregnancy, in advancebegin to be interested in all the subtleties of this state. First of all, of course, they are interested in what month the toxicosis ends, but it is more important to be ready for the beginning of a bad state of health. 90003 90002 Deterioration of well-being in pregnant women is earlyand late. Early toxicosis is most often manifested at 4-6 weeks of pregnancy, and in special cases and at all on the first week of conception.However, such an overly early toxicosis of the physician is not associated with the physiological state of the woman. Most often the reasons are psychological: the girl is too worried because of unprotected intercourse, her blood pressure rises, resulting in nervous nausea. 90003 90002 The real toxicosis most often manifests itselfin the first trimester of pregnancy. At a later date, women can survive this condition again. In recent months, this condition doctors often call not toxicosis, and gestosis of pregnant women.90003 90002 It is a mistake to think that if a girl is pregnant, herbe sure to get sick sooner or later. Such a statement is fundamentally wrong. Absence of toxicosis is the same physiological norm as its presence. There is a significant percentage of women who do not experience any negative feelings at all. Unfortunately, the percentage of lucky ones is rather small, so let’s talk about when and when the toxicosis of the first and last trimester ends. 90003 90004 How much to suffer? 90005 90002 In principle, it is enough to determine the exact datescomplicated.Everything is very individual here. Some ladies can observe only mild nausea and dizziness, others are forced to ask about placement in a hospital. The same picture with terms. The onset of discomfort usually occurs in the fifth week and ends in the 12-13th. 90003 90002 When the toxicity of the first trimester ends, pregnant women are quite pleasant in terms of health period. This is such a natural respite, allowing us to fill the forces and feel the joy of future motherhood. But after three months everything can change.Toxicosis on the last terms often takes place much harder, and the consequences of it are more dangerous for both mother and child. 90003 90002 In addition to all the previously mentioned symptoms, also swelling, high blood pressure and painful heartburn. This condition can continue until the very childbirth, so when the toxicosis ends this time, the young mother feels happy twice: the kid is already with her and all these terrible conditions are behind. 90003 90004 Causes 90005 90002 Why and why toxemia manifests, so farauthentically unknown.It is logical to assume that this condition is generated by a hormonal change in the body of a future mother, which is simply necessary for the proper development of the fetus. Of course, when the toxicosis ends, it’s a great relief, but probably if the reasons for its appearance were known, the unpleasant sensations could be avoided altogether. 90003 90002 Today it is reliably established that toxemia is more frequentall affects women who have diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, thyroid or liver.Also suffer, most likely, will have smokers, as well as those who work a lot and often experience nervous overexertion. There are several other factors that contribute to the manifestation of toxicosis: 90003 90008 90009 presence of chronic diseases of any kind; 90010 90009 hereditary predisposition; 90010 90009 psychological components; 90010 90009 very early pregnancy. 90010 90023 90002 The overwhelming majority of doctors consider toxicosis a normal condition and advises simply to endure this period.90003 Of course, if you just became a little moreirritable or all the time you want to sleep, there is nothing dangerous in this. But what if you are suffering from uncontrolled debilitating vomiting, or are you rapidly losing weight at a time when they should be typing? 90004 Consequences of Toxicosis 90005 90002 So, we with you have found out, when bad beginswell-being in pregnant women and when toxicosis ends. Now let’s talk about why you should not wait and wait, but you must tell the doctor about your feelings.90003 90002 The consequence of severe toxicosis may beliver or kidney damage. Because of frequent vomiting in the body of a future mother, electrolyte-water metabolism is disrupted, toxicant pregnancies often have a smell of acetone from the mouth. For the same reason, the body of a woman loses the right amount of vitamins and minerals, which is why the development of osteoporosis is likely, convulsions are often observed. Because of the brittleness of bones, fractures become more frequent, even at low loads.The lack of calcium and other minerals also leads to the destruction and loss of hair and teeth. 90003 90004 Toxicosis in double 90005 90002 Multiple pregnancy often deliversfuture mother is much more trouble and discomfort. This is due to the fact that a woman who has a twin, and even more triplets, the concentration of hormones in the blood is even higher. Therefore, when the toxicosis ends (and it happens usually at week 16), the expectant mother is waiting for double (or triple) relief. However, there are also such exceptions, when a woman who carries more than one fruit does not experience any unpleasant sensations at all.90003 90004 What Do Doctors Advise? 90005 90002 All doctors treat toxicosis in different ways. In general, the methods of treatment are divided into four groups: 90003 90008 90009 medicamentous; 90010 90009 homeopathic; 90010 90009 aromatherapy; 90010 90009 immunocytotherapy. 90010 90023 90002 The first option is most popular in especially difficultcases. It is worthwhile to understand that all medications, except, perhaps, vitamin complexes and «No-shpy», are toxic and dangerous. But sometimes you can not do without them.In especially severe cases, the pregnant woman is invariably placed in a hospital and carries out all the activities under the strict supervision of the attending physician. In this article I would like to avoid the specific names of the drugs used for treatment, because they can be prescribed only by a doctor. In 99% of cases, medical treatment is quite successful, completely or partially clearing the symptoms of toxicosis. 90003 90002 The second option is homeopathy. This method is most harmless for both the mother and the child, because the drugs are selected individually, taking into account all the features.With this treatment, virtually no side effects or accidental overdose. 90003 90002 Aromatherapy. It is widely used for the treatment of toxicosis of peppermint oil. It is enough to place a handkerchief with a pair of drops of this oil near the bed for several nights in a row — and the painful morning bouts of vomiting will become weaker. Ginger oil also works well. If you feel a sharp discomfort, put ginger oil on your palm, rub it and slowly and deeply inhale several times. Dizziness will recede.90003 90002 The most progressive treatment of toxicosisis considered immunocytotherapy. This is a procedure where a woman under the skin on her forearm is injected with purified lymphocytes from her husband (sexual partner). The effect occurs most often in a day. Such treatment is carried out only in a hospital after a thorough examination of the partner for various infections: HIV, syphilis, hepatitis C and B. It should be noted that the method is quite dangerous, despite the studies, there is still a risk of infection of the mother and / or the child by one of these diseases.90003 90002 In addition to these methods, some doctors also use acupuncture, hypnosis and other non-traditional methods. 90003 90004 How can you relieve the symptoms at home 90005 90002 As you already understood, it is not necessary to wait, when the toxicosis should end, with it it is possible and it is necessary to struggle. First of all, you can try to help yourself: 90003 90008 90009 Walk more often and ventilate the rooms; 90010 90009 before getting up in the morning from bed, eat a few nuts, a bread crumb from a gray bread or a small biscuit; 90010 90009 eat half-lying or lie down for a short while and immediately after eating; 90010 90009 exclude from the menu fried, salty, fatty and fast food; 90010 90009 Eat more foods containing vitamin B6 — fish, legumes, eggs, avocado, chicken; 90010 90009 if you feel sick, chew more (cumin seeds, cud, mint leaves), it is proved that the chewing movements reduce the vomiting; 90010 90009 eat every 2 hours, bu 90010 90023.90000 Causes of toxicosis in pregnant women 90001 90002 90003 Doctors can not exactly answer what causes toxicosis. Most tend to believe that this is a consequence of hormonal changes in the body of the future mother, which lead to disruptions in the work of various systems and organs. 90004 90005 90002 Feeling unwell continues until they can adapt to a new state. 90005 90002 90003 In other versions, toxicosis can be caused by: 90004 90005 90012 90013 the effect on the female organism of the products of vital activity of the embryo 90014 90013 the immune incompatibility of the woman and the fetus; 90014 90013 violation of the interaction of the nervous system with internal organs; 90014 90013 chronic liver and gastrointestinal diseases; 90014 90013 inflammatory diseases of the genital organs; 90014 90013 psychological lack of readiness for motherhood; 90014 90013 genetic predisposition; 90014 90013 age features; 90014 90013 unhealthy diet and lifestyle before pregnancy; 90014 90013 bad habits.90014 90033 90002 90003 Methods of getting rid of early toxicosis 90004 90005 90002 Universal means of how to get rid of toxemia does not exist. It is necessary to combat its manifestations in a complex. 90005 90002 90041 90003 Should strive to lead a healthy lifestyle: 90004 90044 90005 90046 90013 90041 90003 More time to spend on the street, walk in the park or square at least 1 hour per day. 90004 90044 90014 90013 90041 90003 Ventilate the room where you are. 90004 90044 90014 90013 90041 90003 Allocate enough time to rest.90004 90044 90014 90013 90041 90003 Do sleep at least 8 hours. 90004 90044 90014 90013 90041 90003 Refrain from stress. 90004 90044 90014 90013 90041 90003 Protect yourself from stress. 90004 90044 90014 90013 90041 90003 To refuse from bad habits. 90004 90044 90014 90013 90041 90003 Go to the fractional food: eat more often, but in small portions. 90004 90044 90014 90013 90041 90003 To consume more fluid — many people can help relieve nausea with alkaline water or mint tea.90004 90044 90014 90013 90041 90003 Try to refuse spicy and fatty foods. It is better to eat light foods. 90004 90044 90014 90013 90041 90003 Prefer non-hot liquid or semi-liquid dishes. 90004 90044 90014 90113 90002 Do not forget to use dairy products — they will be useful not only for you, but also for the unborn child. The main thing is to listen to the body and eat what does not cause you nausea. 90005 90002 90117 To avoid morning sickness, do not get up abruptly out of bed after sleep, let yourself lie down for a while.At this time, you can eat an apple, yogurt or some nuts. 90005 90002 Try to avoid irritants that can cause nausea. 90005 90002 Oral rinsing with broths of mint, sage or chamomile can help with copious salivation. Beneficial effect on the stomach, stop spasms and soothe the nerves decoction of peppermint, yarrow, valerian and calendula. 90005 90123 90002 90003 Some pregnant women to defeat a strong toxemia helps aromatherapy. To get rid of morning sickness, put a few drops of mint essential oil on a handkerchief and place it at the head of the bed.In case of sudden attacks of nausea, it is recommended to rub a drop of ginger oil in your palms, bring it to your nose and inhale several times. 90004 90005 90128 90002 Having decided not to try any means for yourself, remember that each organism is individual, and what is good for one can adversely affect the other. 90005 90002 90003 Causes of late toxicosis 90004 90005 90002 There are many reasons for late toxicosis. Increase the risk of preeclampsia can: 90005 90012 90013 a small interval between births; 90014 90013 pregnancy earlier than 18 years; 90014 90013 chronic fatigue; 90014 90013 insufficient uterus extensibility, which can occur during polyhydramnios or multiple pregnancies; 90014 90013 hormonal disorders; 90014 90013 diseases of the heart or blood vessels; 90014 90013 chronic hypertension; 90014 90013 kidney disease; 90014 90013 diseases of the genital organs, having an inflammatory nature; 90014 90013 improper diet; 90014 90013 change of habitual way of life or daily regimen; 90014 90013 colds and flu without appropriate treatment.90014 90033 90002 90003 What is toxicosis 90004 90005 90123 90002 90003 «Toxicosis» in Greek means «poison» or «poisonous». Under this concept is meant the intoxication of the body — a painful condition caused by the action of harmful substances. 90004 90005 90128 90002 90003 Toxicosis is divided into 2 types: 90004 90005 90012 90013 90003 Early toxemia 90004 — occurs from 5 to 7 weeks after conception, but it may disturb some women from the first week, and ends in the third month of pregnancy.His companions are nausea in the morning, weakness, vomiting, drowsiness, increased salivation, loss of appetite, irritability, a change in taste preferences and weight loss can occur. 90014 90013 90003 Late toxicosis 90004 — appears in the second half of pregnancy and worries a smaller number of pregnant women. It is called preeclampsia and is accompanied by internal and external edema, increased pressure, the presence of protein in the urine. This type of toxicosis is considered dangerous because it can harm the fetus.90014 90033 90002 Toxicosis in early pregnancy can have different degrees of severity. In its normal course, vomiting occurs no more than 5 times a day, nausea can be permanent or variable, weight loss can occur — no more than 5% of what it was before pregnancy. 90005 90002 With severe toxicosis, vomiting can occur up to 20 times a day. There is a breakdown, irritability, a large weight loss — more than 5 kg, exhaustion and dehydration. This condition requires hospital treatment. 90005 90002 90003 Prophylaxis of toxicosis 90004 90005 90002 To reduce the risk of preeclampsia, pregnant women are advised to adhere to proper nutrition and a healthy, moderately active lifestyle.Salty foods and foods that cause fluid retention should be discarded. 90005 90123 90002 90003 It is recommended to regularly visit the doctor, in time to pass all examinations and to be tested. 90004 90005 90128 90002 Post Views: 171 90005.